Obesity - Grade 1, 2, 3 What is this?

Sometimes it's necessary to speak plainly to clarify the situation: Individuals affected by obesity have excess body fat, are limited as a result, and often suffer from related illnesses.

There are three severity grades of obesity:

• Grade 1: Ranges from a BMI between 30 and 34.9. This degree of obesity indicates moderate risk to health. Individuals in this category may already be experiencing obesity-related health issues, such as high blood pressure or early stages of diabetes. However, with lifestyle changes and appropriate treatment, the risk can often be managed effectively.
• Grade 2: Ranges between 35 and 39.9. This degree of obesity poses a higher risk to health. Individuals in this category are at increased risk of developing serious health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and sleep apnea. Medical intervention and significant lifestyle changes are usually necessary to reduce these risks.
• Grade 3: Starts from a BMI of 40 and upwards. This degree of obesity is classified as severe and greatly increases the risk of numerous health problems, including heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Individuals in this category often face significant physical limitations and a reduced quality of life. Treatment typically involves a comprehensive approach, including medical intervention, diet and exercise changes, and sometimes surgical options.

For children, there are specific calculation methods to determine obesity levels, as they vary based on age and gender.

Where does your BMI fall?

These are the basics doctors use to classify patients into groups and treat them accordingly. The fact is, most overweight individuals consume more calories than they expend through physical activity. In some cases, insulin and leptin levels are also disrupted, making sustainable weight loss more challenging. However, there are ways out of this vicious cycle.

Types of Obesity

Obesity is not a one-size-fits-all condition. There are different types of obesity based on various factors, including the distribution of fat in the body, underlying causes, and associated health risks.

1. Android or Central Obesity

Android obesity, also known as central obesity, is characterized by excess fat around the abdomen and upper body. This type of obesity is more common in men and is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Individuals with this type of obesity may have an "apple-shaped" body.

2. Gynoid or Peripheral Obesity

Gynoid obesity, also known as peripheral obesity, is characterized by excess fat around the hips and thighs. This type of obesity is more common in women and is generally less harmful to health compared to central obesity. However, it can still increase the risk of osteoarthritis and varicose veins.

3. Mixed or Combined Obesity

Some individuals may have a combination of both android and gynoid obesity, resulting in a mixed pattern of fat distribution. This type of obesity may pose a higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications than gynoid obesity alone.

4. Secondary Obesity

Secondary obesity is caused by underlying medical conditions or medications that contribute to weight gain. Examples include hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, and certain medications like antidepressants and corticosteroids. Treatment for secondary obesity focuses on managing the underlying condition and may include weight management strategies.

5. Behavioral or Overeating Obesity

Behavioral or overeating obesity is caused by excessive calorie intake and insufficient physical activity. This type of obesity is often associated with unhealthy eating habits, such as eating large portions, frequent snacking, and consuming high-calorie foods. Psychological factors, such as stress eating and emotional eating, may also contribute to this type of obesity.

Identifying the type of obesity an individual has is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan. Treatment may involve a combination of dietary changes, increased physical activity, behavior modification, medications, and in some cases, surgical interventions. It's important for individuals affected by obesity to work closely with healthcare professionals to find the best approach for managing their weight and improving their overall health.